RESEARCH & PUBLICATIONS
Research that helps improve women’s pelvic health
Alongside my clinical practice, I am actively involved in research in urogynaecology, pelvic floor health and women’s health.
My research aims to answer clinically important questions, improve how symptoms and outcomes are measured, and develop better ways of delivering care. A particular focus of my work is understanding patients’ symptoms, priorities and quality of life, and translating research into practical improvements in clinical care.
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Areas of research
Pelvic floor disorders
Research into pelvic organ prolapse, urinary incontinence, overactive bladder and other pelvic floor symptoms.
Digital health
Using electronic assessment and digital technology to improve clinical pathways and personalised care.
Treatment and service innovation
Evaluating conservative, procedural and surgical treatments and developing more effective models of care
Patient-reported outcomes
Developing and evaluating PROMs to understand symptoms, quality of life and patients’ treatment priorities.
Women’s health across the life course
Pelvic floor health in pregnancy, after childbirth, following gynaecological treatment and later life.
Artificial intelligence and data
Exploring responsible uses of AI and large patient-reported datasets to support patients and clinicians.
CURRENT & RECENT RESEARCH
Research with a strong clinical focus
Much of my research begins with questions that arise directly from clinical practice: how we can identify symptoms more accurately, understand what matters most to patients, choose treatments more effectively and design healthcare around individual needs.
Current work includes pelvic floor dysfunction following gynaecological treatment, electronic patient-reported outcome measures, bladder diaries, pessary care, overactive bladder and neuromodulation, pelvic floor health around pregnancy and childbirth, and the application of digital technologies and artificial intelligence in women’s health.
SELECTED RECENT PUBLICATIONS
Using an electronic patient reported outcome measure (ePAQ-MPH) to assess potential harm for long-waiting patients in gynaecology
Gray T, Johnson S, Prosser-Snelling E, Simpson P. BMC Women’s Health. 2024;24:646.
View publication → Springer
Antenatal and Postnatal Screening for Pelvic Floor Dysfunction Using an Electronic Patient Reported Outcome Measure
Curtis TJ, Sweeney J, Gray TG. International Urogynecology Journal. 2026;37(2):335–343.
View publication → PubMed
Perioperative Interventions to Facilitate Day-Case Vaginal Surgery for Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Systematic Review
Curtis T, Mirchandani Y, Stott G, Chant C, Gray TG. International Urogynecology Journal. 2026.
View publication → PubMed
Development and initial validation of an electronic personal assessment questionnaire for menstrual, pelvic pain and gynaecological hormonal disorders (ePAQ-MPH)
Gray TG, Moores KL, James E, Connor ME, Jones GL, Radley SC. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2019;238:148–156.
View publication → PubMed
What are the concerns and goals of women attending a urogynaecology clinic? Content analysis of free-text data from an electronic pelvic floor assessment questionnaire (ePAQ-PF)
Gray T, Strickland S, Pooranawattanakul S, et al. International Urogynecology Journal. 2019;30(1):33–41.
View publication → PubMed
Development and initial psychometric testing of a body-image domain within an electronic pelvic floor questionnaire (ePAQ-Pelvic Floor)
Scurr K, Gray TG, Jones GL, Radley SC. International Urogynecology Journal. 2020;31(6):1245–1253.
View publication →
Publications
2026
Curtis TJ, Mirchandani Y, Stott G, Chant C, Gray TG. Perioperative Interventions to Facilitate Day-Case Vaginal Surgery for Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Systematic Review. International Urogynecology Journal. 2026. doi:10.1007/s00192-026-06880-5
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Kershaw V, Athey R, Baggaley O, Gray T, Radley S. Evaluation of sexual function according to age in women referred to urogynaecology clinics. Post Reproductive Health. 2026. doi:10.1080/20533691.2026.2706024
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Taylor-Phillips F, O’Cathain A, Connell J, Price M, Brooke C, Jha S, Doumouchtsis S, Gray T, Radley S, Fisher V, Forshall G, Jones GL. A qualitative study to inform the development of a new quality of life measure for surgery for prolapse, incontinence and mesh complications. Frontiers in Global Women’s Health. 2026;7:1643835. doi:10.3389/fgwh.2026.1643835
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Curtis TJ, Sweeney J, Gray TG. Antenatal and Postnatal Screening for Pelvic Floor Dysfunction Using an Electronic Patient Reported Outcome Measure. International Urogynecology Journal. 2026;37(2):335-343. doi:10.1007/s00192-025-06302-y
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Forshall G, Budds K, Fisher V, Jha S, Gray TG, Doumouchtsis SK, Bagnall AM, Jones GL. Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Used to Assess Surgical Interventions for Pelvic Organ Prolapse, Stress Urinary Incontinence and Mesh Complications: A Scoping Review for the Development of the APPRAISE PROM. BJOG. 2026;133(2):218-227. doi:10.1111/1471-0528.18355
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2025
Apostolidis A, Da Silva AS, Gray T, Khullar V, Mohamed-Ahmed R, Papaefstathiou E, Van den Ende M, Wein A, Abrams P, Robinson D. Is There Evidence of Diagnostic and Treatment Gaps for LUTS in Post-Menopausal Women With Genitourinary Syndrome of the Menopause? ICI-RS 2025. Neurourology and Urodynamics. 2026;45(5):1003-1010. doi:10.1002/nau.70173
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Gammie A, Clavica F, Gray T, Hassani FA, Solomon E, Song QX, Speich JE, Valentini F, Harding C. How Can Urodynamic Innovations be Better Integrated Into the Clinical Pathway? ICI-RS 2025. Neurourology and Urodynamics. 2026;45(5):961-968. doi:10.1002/nau.70176
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Curtis TJ, Bugeja R, Radley SC, Gray TG. Is self-reported recurrent urinary tract infection associated with anal incontinence and obstructive defecation? A multicentre case-control study using electronic PROM data. Colorectal Disease. 2025;27(12):e70336. doi:10.1111/codi.70336
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Curtis TJ, Drolet M, Gray TG, Giarenis I. Is Cystoscopic Intravesical Injection of OnabotulinumtoxinA Acceptable in an Outpatient Clinic? International Neurourology Journal. 2025;29(1):34-39. doi:10.5213/inj.2448392.196
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Hughes CM, Bhatt NR, Penfold JC, Speck EJ, Gray TG, Giarenis I, Wood SJ, Dunford CE, Doherty RD. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Outcomes of Ambulatory Urodynamics in a Tertiary Referral Center. Neurourology and Urodynamics. 2025;44(7):1491-1497. doi:10.1002/nau.70111
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Curtis TJ, Jones C, Gray TG. Use of an electronic patient-reported outcome measure for symptom-based remote triage of patients awaiting conservative treatment for pelvic floor dysfunction. Journal of Pelvic, Obstetric and Gynaecological Physiotherapy. 2025;136:58-68. doi:10.62399/GKUD7723
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Curtis TJ, Chant C, Quek S, Giarenis I, Gray TG. Fistulae Secondary to Vaginal Pessary Use for Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Systematic Review. International Urogynecology Journal. 2025;36(3):491-521. doi:10.1007/s00192-024-06035-4
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2024
Gray T, Johnson S, Prosser-Snelling E, Simpson P. Using an electronic patient-reported outcome measure (ePAQ-MPH) to assess potential harm for long waiting patients in gynaecology. BMC Women's Health. 2024 Dec 21;24(1):646.
View publication →
Curtis TJ, Timmons PD, Blair DJ, Smith RP, Gray TG, Blair D, Smith R. Paradoxical Uterine Rupture and Fetal Survival in Placenta Accreta: A Case Report. Cureus. 2024 Oct 9;16(10).
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Athey R, Gray T, Kershaw V, Radley S, Jha S. Coital Incontinence: A Multicentre Study Evaluating Prevalence and Associations. International Urogynecology Journal. 2024 Oct;35(10):1969-75.
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Chainrai M, Kershaw VF, Gray TG, Radley SC. Patient-initiated follow-up in gynaecology: Patient and clinician views. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2024;298:18-22.
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Curtis TJ, Mukhopadhyay S, Giarenis I, Gray TG. A national survey of UK practice for day-case vaginal prolapse surgery: Unrealistic expectations? European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2024 Feb 1;293:72-7.
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2023
Bhatt N, Penfold J, Speck E, Gray T, Giarenis I, Mukhopadhyay S, Wood S, Doherty R, Dunford C. Outcomes of ambulatory urodynamics in a tertiary referral centre. European Urology Open Science. 2023 Sep 1;55:S4.
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Karavadra B, Mukhopadhyay S, Giarenis I, Gray T. Conservative management of pelvic organ prolapse. InnovAiT. 2023 Feb;16(2):65-72.
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2021
Hand A, Gray T, Simpson P. Diagnosis and management of the menopause. InnovAiT. 2021 Sep 1:17557380211035158.
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Gray TG, Giarenis I. Surgical management of pelvic organ prolapse. Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Reproductive Medicine. 2021 Jul 12.
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Gray TG, Vickers H, Krishnaswamy P, Jha S. A systematic review of English-language patient-reported outcome measures for use in urogynaecology and female pelvic medicine. International Urogynecology Journal. 2021 May 26:1-60.
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Knapp S, Henderson L, Duncan T, Gray T. Gynaecological cancers. InnovAiT. 2021 May 13:17557380211011495.
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Gray T, Mohan S, Lindow S, Pandey U, Farrell T. Obstetric violence: Comparing medical student perceptions in India and the UK. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2021 Jun 1;261:98-102.
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2020
Gray TG, Mukhopadhyay S, Giarenis I. What effect will the COVID-19 pandemic have on urogynecology services in the United Kingdom? Neurourology and Urodynamics. 2020 Nov;39(8):2544-5.
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Wickramasekera N, Taylor SK, Lumley E, Gray T, Wilson E, Radley S. Can electronic assessment tools improve the process of shared decision-making? A systematic review. Health Information Management Journal. 2020 Oct 5:1833358320954385.
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Scurr K, Gray TG, Jones GL, Radley SC. Development and initial psychometric testing of a body-image domain within an electronic pelvic floor questionnaire (ePAQ-Pelvic Floor). International Urogynecology Journal. 2020 Jun;31:1245-53.
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Mohan S, Gray TG, Farrell T. Perceived value of basic interprofessional simulation training in obstetrics: what do the participants think? BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning. 2020 Jul 1;6(4).
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2019
Wales KE, Saxena A, Gray TG. Evidence for the urogynaecology multidisciplinary meeting: evaluation from a secondary care perspective. International Urogynecology Journal. 2019. In press.
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Wales KE, Mecia L, Gray TG. Recurrent urinary tract infection in women. InnovAiT. 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1755738019876667
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Wales KE, Gray TG. Urinary Incontinence in Women. InnovAiT. 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1755738019874839
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Gray T, Money-Taylor J, Li W, Farkas AG, Campbell PC, Radley SC. What Is the Effect of Body Mass Index on Subjective Outcome Following Vaginal Hysterectomy for Prolapse? International Neurourology Journal. 2019;23(2):136-43.
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Gray TG, Jha S, Bolton H. Duty of candour: the obstetrics and gynaecology perspective. The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1111/tog.12586
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Mohan S, Gray T, Li W, Alloub M, Farkas A, Lindow S, Farrell T. Stillbirth: Perceptions among hospital staff in the Middle East and the UK. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X. 2019 Apr 16:100019.
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Gray TG, Vickers H, Jha S. Suspension of vaginal mesh operations for incontinence: Cause and consequences. InnovAiT. 2019 Apr 2:1755738019834050.
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Titman SC, Radley SC, Gray TG. Self-management in women with stress incontinence: strategies, outcomes and integration into clinical care. Research and reports in urology. 2019;11:111.
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Gray TG, Moores KL, James E, Connor ME, Jones GL, Radley SC. Development and initial validation of an electronic personal assessment questionnaire for menstrual, pelvic pain and gynaecological hormonal disorders (ePAQ-MPH). European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2019 May 20.
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Gray TG, Sneyd R, Scurr K, Jones G, Iles D, Jha S, Radley SC. Patient-reported outcome measures which assess body image in urogynaecology patients: a systematic review. International Urogynecology Journal. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-019-03924-x
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Gray T, Phillips L, Li W, Buchanan C, Campbell P, Farkas A, Abdi S, Radley SC. Evaluation of bladder shape using transabdominal ultrasound: Feasibility of a novel approach for the detection of involuntary detrusor contractions. Ultrasound. 2019. http://doi.org/10.1177/1742271X19834062
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Gray T, Mohan S, Lindow S, Farrell T. Obstetric Violence: Clinical staff perceptions from a video of simulated practice. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X. 2019 Jan 18:100007.
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2018
Gray T, McQueen V, Farkas A. Gynaecological emergencies. InnovAiT. 2018 Dec 19:1755738018809121.
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Sheehan H, Gray T, Farrell T. The potential value of surrogate performance markers at caesarean section for the assessment of surgical competence. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2018 ;231:30-4.
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Gray TG, Vickers H, Jha S, Jones GL, Brown SR, Radley SC. A systematic review of non-invasive modalities used to identify women with anal incontinence symptoms after childbirth. International Urogynecology Journal. 2018 Nov 23:1-1.
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Campbell P, Krychman M, Gray T, Vickers H, Money-Taylor J, Li W, Radley S. Self-Reported Vaginal Laxity-Prevalence, Impact, and Associated Symptoms in Women Attending a Urogynecology Clinic. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2018;15(11):1515-7.
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Gray T, Strickland S, Pooranawattanakul S, Li W, Campbell P, Jones G, Radley S. What are the concerns and goals of women attending a urogynaecology clinic? Content analysis of free-text data from an electronic pelvic floor assessment questionnaire (ePAQ-PF). International Urogynecology Journal. 2018 Jun 27:1-9.
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McQueen V, Speed M, Rutter S, Gray T. Vasa praevia: Should we routinely screen high-risk women for this rare but serious condition? Ultrasound. 2018 May;26(2):127-31.
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Gray TG, Li W, Farrell T. Using videos in a smartphone app logbook to aid obstetricians and gynaecologists with reflection following critical events. BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning. May 20, 2018.
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Vickers H, Gray T, Jha S. Amenorrhoea. InnovAiT. 2018 Feb;11(2):80-8.
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2017
Gray TG, Alexander C, Jones GL, Tidy JA, Palmer JE, Radley SC. Development and Psychometric Testing of an Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Tool for Vulval Disorders (ePAQ-Vulva). Journal of lower genital tract disease. 2017 Oct 1;21(4):319-26.
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Gray T, Li W, Campbell P, Jha S, Radley S. Evaluation of coital incontinence by electronic questionnaire: prevalence, associations and outcomes in women attending a urogynaecology clinic. International Urogynecology Journal. 2017:1-0.
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2016
Gray T, McVey S, Green J, Saxena A, Patel D. Pelvic Organ Prolapse. InnovAiT: Education and Inspiration for General Practice. 2016;9(12):723-731. DOI: 10.1177/1755738016676212
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Gray T, Jha S. Botulinum Toxin in Gynaecology. Current Women’s Health Reviews. 2016;12(2):95-104 DOI: 10.2174/1573404812666161019143524
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Pettinger T, Gray T, Gosakan, R. Diabetes in pregnancy. InnovAiT: Education and Inspiration for General Practice. 1755738016671151, first published on October 12, 2016 as doi:10.1177/1755738016671151
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Campbell P, Li W, Money-Taylor J, Davies J, Gray T, Radley S. Nocturnal enuresis: prevalence and associated LUTS in adult women attending a urogynaecology clinic. International Urogynecology Journal. 2016 Aug 1:1-6.
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Gray TG, French L, Haddrill R, Farrell T. The role of a Smartphone App for Providing Feedback on Midwifery Training. International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Inventions 2016;3(8):2071-78 DOI:10.18535/ijmsci/v3i8.8
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Gray TG, Hood G, Farrell T. Integration of Healthcare Supervision Logbook into clinical practice to record feedback on medical training. BMJ Innov 2016;2:48-51 Published Online First: 17 March 2016 doi:10.1136/bmjinnov-2015-000089
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2015
Gray TG, Hood G, Farrell T. The results of a survey highlighting issues with feedback on medical training in the United Kingdom and how a Smartphone App could provide a solution. BMC Res Notes. 2015: 8: 653 DOI: 10:1186/s13104-015-1649-z
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Khalid S, Gray T, Syed Hashim S. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. InnovAiT: Education Inspiration for general practice 1755738015585160, first published on May 21, 2015 as doi:10.1177/1755738015585160
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Jha S, Gray T. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of native tissue repair for pelvic organ prolapse on sexual function. Int Urogynecol J. 2015 Mar;26(3):321-7
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Gray T, Hood G, Farrell T. The development and production of a novel Smartphone App to collect day-to-day feedback from doctors-in-training and their trainers. BMJ Innov 2015;1:25-32 doi:10.1136/bmjinnov-2014-000011
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2014
French L, Gray T, Natarajan P. Malaria: Prevention and Treatment. InnovAiT. 2014;7(4):224-232
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2013
Gray T, Powles E. Understanding and managing syphilis. InnovAiT. 2013;6(12):781-789
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Gray T, Palmer J. Understanding and Managing Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. Women’s Health Journal. 2013;5(33):116-119
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2012
Gray T, Dass M. Ketamine Cystitis: An emerging diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. British Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2012;73(10):576-579
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Book chapters
Electronic Personal Assessment Questionnaire (ePAQ) pelvic floor, Thomas Gray, Victoria Kershaw, and Stephen Radley In: Textbook of Female Urology and Urogynaecology, Editors: Linda Cardozo and David Staskin. CRC Press; 2023 Jul 6.
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Patient-Reported Outcome questionnaires to assess health-related Quality of Life and symptom impact. Victoria Kershaw, Thomas Gray, Swati Jha, and Stephen Radley In: Textbook of Female Urology and Urogynaecology, Editors: Linda Cardozo and David Staskin. CRC Press; 2023 Jul 6.
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Pelvic Organ Prolapse. Thomas Gray, Stephen Radley. In: Urologic Principles and Practice. Editors: Chapple CR, Steers WD, Evans CP, Springer; 2020 Jan 2.
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